How to Use These Paver Gravel Calculators?
Select the shape that matches your project and enter the exact dimensions of the area. Then, specify the depth of the gravel layer you want to install (usually between 4 and 8 inches). The tool will calculate the area of the shape and multiply it with the depth of the gravel to bring you the gravel volume and the weight needed.
What is Paver?
A paver is a flat, strong unit made from materials like concrete, natural stone, or clay, used to create durable outdoor surfaces. Pavers come in many shapes and sizes, and are commonly used to build patios, driveways, walkways, garden paths, and courtyards. They’re installed over a well-prepared base, usually made of compacted gravel and a top layer of bedding sand, to ensure stability and proper drainage.
Why Use Gravel Under Pavers?
Gravel is the foundation of any paver installation. Without a compacted gravel base, pavers can shift, crack, or sink due to soil movement and water erosion. Gravel serves three essential purposes:
- Provides stability by supporting weight from foot traffic, furniture, or vehicles
- Promotes drainage to prevent water pooling or erosion
- Prevents heaving and sinking caused by freeze-thaw cycles in the ground
What Types of Gravels Are Used Under Pavers?
- Crushed Stone (¾ inch) – Commonly known as Crusher Run or DGA. Ideal for patios and driveways.
- Dense Grade Aggregate (DGA) – A mix of crushed stone and fines that compacts very well.
- #57 Stone with Fines – Clean gravel with binding particles, good for load-bearing base layers.
What Types of Gravels Are Not Used Under Pavers?
- Pea Gravel – Too round and loose for base layers; causes shifting.
- River Rock – Smooth texture, doesn't lock together under compaction.
- Clean #57 Stone – Lacks fines, poor for compaction unless layered with binder.
- Sand Alone – Cannot support pavers structurally; used only as a bedding layer.
Densities of Gravels Used Under Pavers
| Gravel Type | Density (kg/m³) | Density (lb/ft³) |
|---|---|---|
| Crushed Stone with Fines | 1,600 – 1,800 | 100 – 112 |
| Dense Grade Aggregate (DGA) | ~1,750 | ~109 |
| Clean #57 Stone | 1,450 – 1,600 | 90 – 100 |
Tips to Install Paver Gravel
- Excavate to the correct total depth (base + sand + paver thickness)
- Use geotextile fabric under gravel in poor soil conditions
- Compact gravel in layers no more than 2–3 inches deep
- Ensure 1–2% slope for water runoff away from structures
- Install edge restraints to hold pavers in place over time
- Use average depth if your area is sloped and vary fill accordingly
FAQs
How deep should gravel be under pavers?
Typically, 4 inches for walkways, 6 inches for patios, and 8 or more inches for driveways depending on traffic and soil conditions.
Can I use sand instead of gravel?
No. Sand should only be used as a bedding layer above compacted gravel. It cannot support weight and will shift over time.
Do I need to compact the gravel base?
Yes. Compaction is essential. Compact each layer as you build it to prevent settling and ensure a solid, level foundation.
What if my project area is sloped?
Use the slope-depth mode in the calculator. Enter high and low depths to estimate the average gravel volume needed.
Which gravel type is best for a paver base?
¾" crushed stone with fines or Dense Grade Aggregate (DGA) is best for most paver installations due to its compaction strength and stability.